The best stats are the stats that work for hitters and pitchers. They are mirror images of each other. On Monday, we looked at offensive efficiency to see how the Astros offense was holding up. The numbers obviously cut in a number of directions, but the main components are to see how many base runners the Astros get in comparison with the other AL teams and what percentage of those runners score. We can and should do the same thing with the pitching staff.
We do this for two main reasons. The first is that simply watching the Astros does not give us a clear picture of where they stand with the rest of the league. We could say that the Astros pitching staff has been awful at times this season, but that only makes sense as a comparison with everyone else. So, we look at total base runners and hits in general. Secondly, the efficiency rating tells us if the Astros have been particularly unlucky or if they are where they are supposed to be.
Why is this important? Simply put, as we approach the deadline it becomes dreadfully important to identify the real holes on the team. If the Astros are unlucky then a positive regression could solve a number of problems. If they aren’t unlucky then we know there is a significant hole that needs to be filled. A simple accounting would show that the Astros were 13th out of 15 teams in runs allowed through the weekend. Obviously, the opener of the Washington series makes that look worse. However, is positive regression likely? Let’s take a look at the numbers across the board through the weekend’s games.
| Runs | Hits | Walks | HBP | TBR | EFF | |
| Red Sox | 347 | 702 | 259 | 35 | 996 | .348 |
| Guardians | 364 | 710 | 292 | 29 | 1031 | .353 |
| Yankees | 343 | 664 | 268 | 34 | 966 | .355 |
| Mariners | 345 | 707 | 224 | 40 | 971 | .355 |
| White Sox | 396 | 697 | 340 | 50 | 1087 | .364 |
| Tigers | 365 | 698 | 267 | 34 | 999 | .365 |
| Rangers | 394 | 709 | 254 | 35 | 998 | .370 |
| Blue Jays | 394 | 717 | 316 | 25 | 1058 | .372 |
| Rays | 359 | 672 | 235 | 30 | 937 | .383 |
| Angels | 450 | 711 | 401 | 48 | 1160 | .388 |
| Astros | 457 | 726 | 395 | 55 | 1176 | .389 |
| Royals | 452 | 792 | 339 | 29 | 1160 | .390 |
| Orioles | 444 | 780 | 320 | 24 | 1124 | .392 |
| Athletics | 479 | 818 | 343 | 38 | 1199 | .399 |
| Twins | 464 | 779 | 328 | 49 | 1156 | .401 |
| Average | 402 | 725 | 305 | 37 | 1067 | .377 |
Statistics is a fascinating field all by itself. Means and medians can tell us a lot, but there is a whole lot here going on that averages can’t tell us. Six teams have allowed fewer than 1000 base runners. Six teams have allowed more than 1100 base runners. So, the league average tells us something, but the data is a pretty stratified. In others words, teams in the AL tend to be either really good or really bad on the mound.
The other thing we notice is that the efficiency ratings for the offense and pitching staff do not match up. This is because there is a significant amount of interleague play here and the National League is clearly better than the American League this season. The Blue Jays are officially the median in efficiency which sits at .372. That is significantly lower than the league average, so the high scores are skewing the results considerably. That makes the Astros look considerably worse than simply comparing them to the numerical mean.
Voros McCracken is one of the pioneers in evaluating pitching numbers and he developed something he called defensive independent pitching statistics (DIPS). His working theory was that pitchers could not control balls in play. They could control strikeouts, walks, hit by pitches, and home runs allowed. Since then, we have learned that pitchers can influence contact to a greater degree than he surmised. However, looking at this so-called DIPS tells us a lot about the Astros pitching staff.
The current Astros staff is 14th in home runs allowed, 14th in walks allowed, and 15th in hit batters. That ain’t a pretty sight. They are 11th in hits allowed which is slightly better. In other words, their fortunes will improve considerably if they just throw more strikes. However, if we are to believe that regression to the mean is a general rule then the Astros pitching staff is due for some positive regression.
However, it is important that we are precise here. If the Astros had a league median efficiency rating then they would surrender only 437 runs. That’s a difference of 20 runs from where they are now. In the stats world, 20 runs would be equivalent to two wins. Obviously, two wins and two fewer losses in the standings would put the Astros within a game of first place in the AL West. It’s not nothing.
Still, the fact is that the Astros are 14th in base runners allowed. Considering that Sacramento is a ban box, you could credibly claim that the Astros have had the worst pitching staff in the American League up to this point. Even with positive regression, you are probably only lapping the Athletics, Twins, Royals, and Orioles. That’s still not a good pitching staff.
This is where the question gets harder. It seems rather obvious that the Astros could most use another pitcher or two. However, the biggest culprits on the staff are Mike Burrows, Tatsuya Imai, Bryan Abreu, and Cristian Javier. You already have two better relief pitchers languishing in Sugar Land because you feel compelled to keep around two of those guys. You have the likes of Hayden Wesneski and Ronel Blanco due to come back in August. Even if they are merely below average, that would be a vast improvement over what Imai and Burrows have given you so far.
Roster decisions are never easy. We haven’t even brought up Lance McCullers Jr. who would fit comfortably in that quartet of pitchers currently sitting like an anvil on the pitching staff. Calling up an Alimber Santa or Miguel Ullola would mean cutting ties with someone. It would mean that two pitchers would need to be DFAed. I get the reluctance to do that with guys that have been productive in the past. However, you are not going to make it to the postseason and beyond with THIS pitching staff. You might with one better starter and one or two better relievers. Some of those guys are in house. At a certain point, you might need to cut a guy or two you like in favor of people that will actually perform.